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Alex Hogrefe大神系列教程解读 – P图中关于天空的6个要点

作者: 2021-08-022021年08月03日暂无评论

关于教程文章的一些思考:相信很多人都看过国外大神分享的P图教程,不论是刚学Ps的萌新还是有多年P图经验的老司机都可以从中得到很多感悟。现在大家常见的教程分享通常是翻译英文原版教程,但是和原文相比,翻译或多或少会有一些内容表达的偏差,甚至是错误。所以,这个系列的教程解析会保留教程的原文,通过对文章的解析,帮助大家快速的了解和消化教程的内容,并且分享一些对于教程内容本身的理解和看法和大家讨论。

I can’t believe that I have not written a post about skies yet on this blog. In most cases, a sky can make or break an architecture illustration. It’s also something that I see a lot of people overlook or only spend a few minutes on in their renderings. The thing is, a good sky sets the entire mood of an image. Because of this, it’s my first priority as soon as I get into Photoshop. I spend quite a bit of time combing through images online to find the perfect one for my scene. With the different images below, you will see how much the mood and tone shift from just changing out the sky. (主题思想就是P效果图的时候天空背景真的重要,而很多人却忽略了这一点,好的天空可以奠定全图的基调,所以说要花心思再找天空这件事情上,真的很重要。)

I have put together some ideas to think about when looking for that perfect sky. It should be noted that these are guidelines. There are many of different scenarios and situations in architecture visualization in which these tips may not apply. However, I have found that to be rare and I follow these ideas in almost every image that I create. (A神想说他将要说的几个关于选择天空的要点并不一定适用于所有情况,但是绝大部分情况还是可以hold住的。)

1.     Avoid Oversaturated Color/避免饱和度过高的(俗话说就是太艳的颜色)颜色

Alex Hogrefe大神系列教程解读 – P图中关于天空的6个要点

Oversaturation is an issue I see often. Many of the sky images that I find online have this problem because the sky has been enhanced or amplified to be more dramatic and catch viewers attention. However, too much color saturation in the sky will overpower the colors in the architecture and ground plane ruining the hierarchy of the illustration. To fix this, I go into “Image>Adjustments>Hue Saturation” and I move the “Saturation” slider to the left to remove some of the color. (A神觉得网站上找的天空大部分颜色都比较妖艳,深有同感!!这样的妖艳天空会导致整个图面中的建筑,植物的颜色都不协调了。所以要再ps中降低一下饱和度,具体做法:图像-调整-色相/饱和度,然后把饱和度的控制条向左拉。)

2.     Avoid Awkward or Unnatural Colors/避免奇奇怪怪和不自然的天空颜色

Alex Hogrefe大神系列教程解读 – P图中关于天空的6个要点

Unnatural color brings with it similar issues as oversaturation. Unnatural sky color can throw the whole image off from the start making it difficult to pull off a successful composition. Not only that, it creates a “Photoshopped” look instead of looking harmonious with the architecture and ground plane. Due to the many gradients and color tones, I prefer just finding another sky vs. trying to alter or fix the unnatural colors. However, if I really like the cloud forms or texture of the image, I sometimes will desaturate the color, and then use the color of a different sky overlaid on top.  (不自然的天空带来的负面效果和饱和度过大差不多,而且会带来很明显的P图痕迹。A神觉得与其修正这种不自然的天空,不如重新找一张。除非特别喜欢这个天空中云的纹理,那可以将图片的饱和度降到最低,使图面只呈现灰度,再叠加一张颜色合适的天空即可。)

3.     Minimize Overly Busy Skies/避免太乱的(这里应该指云太乱了)天空

Alex Hogrefe大神系列教程解读 – P图中关于天空的6个要点

As much as you may like clouds, too many will hurt the reading of the image. Simply put, they take all of the attention away from the architecture. However, there is a fine line between distracting and dramatic. I tend to like cloudy skies, but I will dilute the image by desaturating the color and fading out the detail so that the texture is softer. An easy way to fade the detail is by finding a sky with no clouds, just color,  and setting that as the base sky. Then take the cloudy sky, set that layer on top of the just-color sky, and lower the opacity so that the clouds read much lighter. (简单的说就是云太乱会喧宾夺主,使要表达的建筑被弱化了。A神本人很喜欢用有云的天空,但是云的多少和轻重要把握有度,于是A神在这里提供了一个简单的方法,将一张没有云但是颜色合适的天空作为背景,再把另一张云不错的天空饱和度降到最低,然后叠加图层并调整图像的透明度,使叠加的云层看着起来比较淡,从而得到一个满意的多云的效果。具体的操作步骤就不提了,因为都比较基础,如果需要可以留言解答,这里主要是说一些思路。)

4.     Wrong Sun Direction/错误的光源方向

Alex Hogrefe大神系列教程解读 – P图中关于天空的6个要点

This is one of those situations where you look at an image, and something seems off, but it is not clear what is wrong. However, once a light source issue gets corrected, the image reads dramatically better.  This holds true for other Photoshopped elements such as entourage shadows and trees shadows. The more that the light source of all of the elements relate, then the better the entire image will read as a single cohesive illustration instead of a bunch of single Photoshopped elements. (A神给出上图的案例,大意就是虽然说不清有什么明显的错误,但是就是看着不太舒服。光源的方向对于整个图面效果影响很大,天空的光源提供的光照方向和建筑以及场景的受光面一致才会让整个画面看起来正常,同时相应的阴影方向也需要和光线的方向相互呼应。)

5.     Look for the Correct Perspective/正确的透视关系

Alex Hogrefe大神系列教程解读 – P图中关于天空的6个要点

This idea is more important or less important depending on the view. However, scenes showing a lot of depth will read much better with a sky that shows the correct perspective. In the example above, the clouds have almost no perspective, meaning the clouds don’t change in scale as they recede into the distance and get closer to the horizon which causes the background reads much flatter. (一些场景需要通过天空背景的呼应得到一定的景深关系,如上图案例中,巨大的云层和前景的建筑比例失调,导致通过近大远小原则来判断建筑和远处天际线距离的标尺失效,同时云层距离地平线太近导致了背景天空看着不立体。这里可以借助一些尺度失衡的情况来理解,比如建筑边上的人或者树过高会显得建筑变低变小,同理,天空的云过大,会显得前景建筑和背景天空的距离变近,弱化景深感。)

6.     Don’t Be Afraid To Go Simple/别怕做的简单(简单既是美)

Alex Hogrefe大神系列教程解读 – P图中关于天空的6个要点

You don’t always need to show clouds. Sometimes, the perfect gradient is all that is needed to set the right tone for an image.  This move creates a calmer scene and helps to highlight the architecture and ground plane.  (天空也可以不需要云,完美的颜色也可以营造出很好的场景调子,简单的天空也可以突出建筑和前景植被。有时候要有所取舍,不能每个元素都做太多文章。)

The Final Image/最终效果

Alex Hogrefe大神系列教程解读 – P图中关于天空的6个要点

The sky I ultimately chose was a cloudy one with pockets of blue. This allowed me to play up the sunlight coming from the left and give the overall image a dramatic light to dark gradient. I combined two different cloud images using a similar process as described in tip #3. I found a sky with no clouds and great color and then combined that with a cloudy sky. By adjusting the opacity of the cloudy sky, I was able to zero in on a good balance of color and softness. (A神最终选择了一个多云的天空,光线从左边射入给画面带来一个亮暗的颜色过度,并且通过上文第3点提到的叠加了两个天空的图层,实现了满意的效果。)

Alex Hogrefe大神系列教程解读 – P图中关于天空的6个要点

Once I had the sky, I amplified the warm and cool tones using color overlays and added more shadow at the base of the image. All these moves help to start the viewer’s eye on the left side of the image, and slowly move it to the right over the bridge and to the train on the right, mimicking the path pedestrians take. In this way, I am using the light started by the sky to help tell the story of the project. (在搞定天空后,根据天空的效果调整图面相应的冷暖关系,之后再根据光线的情况调整建筑的阴影。之后的步骤主要考量的是美术功底,画面的素描关系和色彩关系中各种要素的平衡和过度,最终能不能做出满意的效果还是在于p图者本身的美术素养。不过相信通过不断地尝试和努力,一定能做出和《你的名字。》同样浪漫的天空。)

整片教程就介绍分析到这里,当然下面附上A神教程的原文地址,对此类教程感兴趣的同学可以持续关注INNER的公众号,我们会定期更新,也可以直接关注A神的网站。发完这篇,省吃俭用了几个月的小编,终于也要去吃一把花式狗粮了,撒,一库走!

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